Saturday 3 September 2011

Capacitors

A capacitor (historically known as a "condenser") is a device that stores energy in an
electric field, by accumulating an internal imbalance of electric charge. An ideal capacitor
can store electronic energy when disconnected from its charging circuit, so it can be used
like a fast battery. In AC or signal circuits  it induces a phase difference of 90 degrees,
current leading potential.
They are connected in parallel with the power circuits of most electronic devices and
larger systems (such as factories) to shunt  away and conceal current fluctuations from
the primary power source to provide a "clean" power supply for signal or control
circuits. The effect of such capacitors can be thought of in two different ways. One way
of thinking about it is that the capacitors act as a local reserve for the DC power source,
to smooth out fluctuations by charging and discharging each cycle. The other way to
think about it is that the capacitor and resistance of the power supply circuitry acts as a
filter and removes high frequencies, leaving only DC.
Wires

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